{"id":77960,"date":"2019-07-23T14:09:07","date_gmt":"2019-07-23T14:09:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.spherestandards.org\/early-warning-systems-2\/"},"modified":"2026-04-21T03:58:35","modified_gmt":"2026-04-21T03:58:35","slug":"early-warning-systems-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/staging.spherestandards.org\/ar\/early-warning-systems-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624: \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"\n&nbsp;\n\n<figure id=\"attachment_13896\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13896\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13896\" src=\"https:\/\/sphere-standards-media.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com\/app\/uploads\/2026\/04\/21132541\/amman-citadel-12.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"467\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13896\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">\u0642\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Photo: D. Bjorgen via Wikimedia Commons<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<strong><em>\u0625\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u063a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/em><\/strong>\n\n\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0632\u0631\u062a \u0642\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u062a \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062d\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646.\n\n\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0643\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629&#8221;. \u0648\u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u2013 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.\n\n\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642.\n\n&nbsp;\n<blockquote>\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u2013 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/blockquote>\n\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0648\u0642\u062a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.\n\n\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0634\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 (\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/handbook.spherestandards.org\/ar\/sphere\/#ch005_002_003\"><u>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 2<\/u><\/a> \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628).\n\n\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0647\u0645 (\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c <u><a href=\"https:\/\/handbook.spherestandards.org\/#ch007_009_002\">\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/handbook.spherestandards.org\/#ch007_009_002\">7.2\u060c \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/handbook.spherestandards.org\/#ch007_009_002\">5<\/a><\/u>).\n\n&nbsp;\n<blockquote>\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/blockquote>\n\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0638\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: &#8220;\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0644\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a&#8221;. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 (\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/handbook.spherestandards.org\/#ch009_002\"><u>\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/u><\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c <u><a href=\"https:\/\/handbook.spherestandards.org\/#ch009_003\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/handbook.spherestandards.org\/#ch009_003\">1.5<\/a> \u0648<a href=\"https:\/\/handbook.spherestandards.org\/#ch009_003\">2.1.2<\/a><\/u>). \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629.\n\n\u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629.\n\n\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631. \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b\u0647\u0627.\n\n\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629\u061b \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u061b \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d.\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<hr \/>\n\n<em><a href=\"https:\/\/spherestandards.org\/ar\/our-staff\/\">\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u063a<\/a> \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631.<\/em>\n\n<em>\u00a0<\/em>\n\n<em>\u00a0<\/em>\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; \u0625\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u063a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u064b\u0627 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":51,"featured_media":73190,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1100,1094],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-77960","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-humanitarian-standards","category-humanitarian-standards--"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.spherestandards.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77960","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.spherestandards.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.spherestandards.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.spherestandards.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/51"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.spherestandards.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=77960"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/staging.spherestandards.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77960\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":77961,"href":"https:\/\/staging.spherestandards.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77960\/revisions\/77961"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.spherestandards.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/73190"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.spherestandards.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77960"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.spherestandards.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=77960"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.spherestandards.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=77960"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}